a. How to install the door closer
The most commonly used door closers are exterior door closers, and their installation methods are as follows:
The most common standard usage is to install the door closer to the hinge side, the side where the door opens. When installed in this way, the arms of the door closer protrude outwards, approximately 90° to the door frame.
In the second usage, the door closer is installed on the side where the door is closed opposite to the hinge side. Usually an additional bracket provided with the door closer is mounted on the arm parallel to the door frame. This usage is usually when you are unwilling to install the door closer on the exterior door that opens outside the building.
The body of the door closer is in turn mounted on the door frame instead of the door, and the door closer is on the opposite side of the door hinge. This usage can also be used for exterior doors that open outwards, especially those doors that have only a very narrow upper edge, but not wide enough to accommodate the body of the door closer.
The third usage, the vertical door closer (built-in vertical door closer) is upright and invisible on the side of the hinge of the door leaf. Screws and parts are not visible from the outside. It can be integrated with the door and can be opened and closed in one and two directions. The construction is simple.
b. The installation steps of the door closer:
Usually the instruction manual provided with the door closer has an installation template, so read the instruction first, and determine the installation position according to the door opening direction, the size of the door closing force, and the installation dimensions between the door closer body, the connecting seat and the door hinge.
2) According to the requirements of the closing force, the closing force can be changed by reversing the connecting seat by 180° or changing the connection position between the connecting rod and the connecting seat. The greater the distance between the adjustment connecting rod and the center line of the door hinge, the smaller the closing force of the door closer, and vice versa.
3) Determine the location of the mounting screws according to the location instructions on the mounting template, and then drill and tap.
4) Install the door closer body with screws.
5) Install the fixed connection base.
6) Install the driver board with screws.
7) Adjust the adjusting rod to 90° with the door frame, and then connect the connecting rod with the drive plate.
8) Don’t forget to install the plastic cover, it can be used to catch the hydraulic oil leaking from the door closer.
9) After installation, check whether the fixing screws are fastened, and there should be no looseness or looseness. Open the door to the maximum door opening position, and check whether the hinged arm of the door closer collides with or rubs against the door or door frame.
The closing speed of the door closer
10) Adjust the closing speed of the door closer as required. Usually the door closer has 2 speed regulating (throttle spool) screws. The upper adjusting screw is the first closing speed adjusting screw, and the lower adjusting screw is the second closing speed adjusting screw (usually 10°).
c. The use, maintenance and repair of door closers
The newly installed door closer should be used for about one week to 10 days, all screws should be checked and tightened again.
Use the hydraulic oil recommended by the manufacturer. For cold areas, use hydraulic oil with a low freezing point.
The door closer should be inspected regularly after it is put into use. The contents of the inspection are: whether the installation screws are loose or missing, whether the connecting arm is rubbing against the door body or frame, whether the door body is deformed or loose, the buffer effect of closing the door, and the support guide Whether the parts are leaking oil, etc.
The following problems usually occur after the door closer has been used for a period of time:
1) The installation screws are loose or missing, causing the door closer to not be in the correct installation position and the connecting arm is damaged;
2) When the door closer is closed, the cushioning effect becomes worse, causing the door and the door frame to collide, and the door body is deformed;
From the structure point of view, the door closer is a closed whole, and its quality is basically indistinguishable from the appearance.
The most critical quality problem of the door closer is whether there is oil leakage, because the door closer relies on the throttling of the fluid in its internal hydraulic system to control the closing process. Oil leakage means the failure of the hydraulic system, so the hydraulic system is The only criterion that determines the service life of the door closer.
The main cause of oil leakage is that the pinion gear support guide wear increases the gap, the seal ring wear causes the sealing effect to decrease, or the throttle valve core rotates counterclockwise away from the valve body when the cushioning effect is adjusted.
The reduction in the cushioning effect of the door closer is caused by the ingress of air caused by oil leakage or the increase in the matching (throttle) clearance between the guide cylinder of the rack plunger and the valve body. Therefore, the quality and precision of the material, heat treatment and machining of the pinion and the supporting guide are very important.
For door closers with poor cushioning effect, the problem cannot be fundamentally solved by adjusting the throttle valve core alone to throttle. Maintenance must be done. If oil is leaking from the supporting guide, remove the supporting guide and check the condition of the sealing ring. If it is worn or aging, replace the sealing ring. If the gap between the support guide and the pinion shaft is too large, replace the support guide. If the guide cylinder of the rack plunger is worn out, and the fit gap between the valve body increases and the throttling effect is reduced, the rack plunger can be removed and repaired by chrome plating on the surface. In addition, under the condition of ensuring the cushioning effect of the door closer, using a softer spring is also a way to reduce the impact force of the door on the door frame due to the deterioration of the cushioning effect.